Gout Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment

Gout: Symptoms, Causes, Diagnosis, and Treatment Gout is a form of arthritis that causes severe pain, swelling, and stiffness in the joints. It occurs due to an excess buildup of uric acid in the blood, which leads to the formation of sharp crystals in the joints. Gout is most commonly found in the big toe but can also affect other joints such as the ankles, knees, and wrists. If left untreated, gout can become a chronic condition and lead to joint damage. Symptoms of Gout Gout attacks often occur suddenly, usually at night, and can last for days or weeks. Common symptoms include: Intense Joint Pain – Often starts in the big toe but can affect other joints. The pain is usually most severe within the first 12–24 hours. Swelling and Redness – The affected joint becomes swollen, warm, and red. Tenderness – Even the lightest touch can cause extreme discomfort. Limited Range of Motion – The affected joint may feel stiff and difficult to move. Causes of Gout Gout is caused by an accumulation of uric acid in the blood, which leads to the formation of urate crystals in the joints. The main reasons for this buildup include: Diet – Eating foods rich in purines, such as red meat, seafood, and alcohol (especially beer), can increase uric acid levels. Obesity – Being overweight increases the body's production of uric acid and makes it harder to eliminate. Medical Conditions – Conditions like high blood pressure, diabetes, and kidney disease can contribute to gout. Genetics – A family history of gout increases the risk of developing the condition. Medications – Certain medications, such as diuretics and aspirin, can raise uric acid levels.